UNIX/LINUX ⇒ | command | argument | value |
HTML ⇒ | tag | attribute | value |
CSS ⇒ | selector | declaration property | declaration value |
You put images in a web page using the img tag.
For example, if you include this image tag in your page
<img src="assets/images/GEB.png">
then the image displayed on this page will be displayed on your page when you load the page. (But only if you have the image stored at the same relative file location from the file location where this particular web page is stored - in a directory named "images" that is one level away in the file hierarchy from this page)
In the general case, the img element can have a number of attributes though the above example only has a single one, src.
The src attribute is required -- it doesn't make sense to have an img tag without specifying which image.
The img tag can take any or all of the following as attributes:
<img
alt="[Goedel Escher Bach]"
width="301"
height="349"
src="https://ils.unc.edu/courses/2025_spring/inls161_001/assets/images/GEB.png">
Display the specified image
use [Goedel Escher Bach] as the alternate text if the image is not or cannot be displayed.
display it with a width of 301 pixels
display it with a height of 349 pixels
Find the source of the image at the location specified after the equals sign and self-close the tag
It does so because the HTML tags that encompass it refer back to a CSS element that tells the IMAGE object how to display. In particular the encompassing HTML element is a special kind of span. Note how, on line 126 in the code for this page, one sees the attribute and value
class="center"
which refers to the instructions on line 582 on the stylesheet where the special image class named "center" is defined
.center { display: block; text-align: center; margin: 20px auto; }
So an image tag which includes the class attribute that has a value "center" will then display in the center of the space.
To make an image into a hyperlink, embed the img tag inside the hypertext anchor
<a href ="https://www.unc.edu/">
<img
alt="[Goedel Escher Bach]"
src="https://ils.unc.edu/courses/2023_fall/inls161_001/assets/simages/GEB.png">
</a>
Now when you click on the image it will take you to the UNC homepage.
Image maps are "clickable images". They allow you to specify which URL should be accessed when a user clicks on a part of an image. For example, if you have a state map and want to bring up information about selected counties when a user clicks on the shape of the county, then you can do so by defining a geometric shape around a county and associating the coordinates of that shape with a URL of your choosing - in this case, a county information page. This is a very powerful tool and gives you a lot of flexibility in how you design your pages. It's a step towards dynamic-content as well.
Here is a simple example of the HTML code for a client-side image map. Looking at the code, we see the instructions shown below on this page.
<h2>North Carolina
<map name="FPMap0">
<area href="counties/Brunswick.htm" shape="circle" coords="375, 189, 18">
<area href="counties/Columbus.htm" shape="circle" coords="348, 175, 18">
<area href="counties/NewHanover.htm" shape="circle" coords="399, 177, 15">
[we skipped many lines of code here]
<area href="counties/Jones.htm" shape="polygon" coords="408, 123, 417, 104, 440, 112, 440, 137, 412, 121">
</map>
<img
src="../images/NorthCarolina/NCcounties.gif"
width="537"
height="218"
usemap="#FPMap0">
</h2>
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