Marchionini UNC-CH
Design Provenance
•Direct Manipulation (Shneiderman, 1983)
–Visible objects and actions
–Rapid, reversible, incremental actions
–Dynamic queries
•Xerox alto, Apple Lisa, Macintosh & GUIS  & WIMP interfaces (1979+)
•Hypertext (Bush, 1945; Nelson, 1974)
–Links are first class objects
•Games and visualizations (lunar lander 1960s, Atari Pong, 1972); VR (Engelbart--radar; Sutherland—simulations)
–See http://www.designboom.com/eng/education/pong.html for history of games
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