180 Notes
Day 21
11/11/98

1. One minute papers
Big Point
Media=real life
Humans are prisoners of media
No single media best for all people or tasks
Reeves  & Nass overgeneralize!
Match media to the audience’s needs

Questions
Class day before Tging?
Why differences in gender voice perceptions among kids and adults?
Any follow up studies on adults who had mediated instruction?
Will computers have different personalities like people?
Isn’t ‘old brain’ equal to ‘human’?
Why do automated phone systems typically offer female voices?
How is this (media=real) new? E.g., Gothic horror novels
How have media influenced the way we interact and communicate with people?
Do we model what we see on TV or movies?
What are the devices to grab attention on web sites?

2. Speeches: Maryann Gelato, James Kelly
3. Discuss TV structure assignment
High level patterns (within an episode or program unit):
 Commercials spaced, more near end
 Short intro (hook), commercial, short endings/credits
 Scenes/shots ratios differ by genre?
 Little discussion of visual/audio channel interactions
Different effects
 Play credits while showing previous episodes
 Replay key scenes at end
 Use a ‘frame’ for credits, ads, etc.
     Low level patterns (within scenes)
 Commercials many more shots/time than programs
 Perception that program shots MUCH longer (more than actual ratios)
 Surprising how short
 Ideas about sequences?
 Four audio channels (dialogue, music, foreground and background sounds)
     Tagging ideas
 Syntax vs semantics
 Acts/segments/scenes/measures/beats and other thematic units
 Location changes and topic changes
 Sounds

3.  Communication Systems (Pool)
 Definition: 6 dimensions
  Number of objects (nodes)
  Message (channel) capacity
  Volume
  Network structure (directionality, possible links, probability)
  Message type (form and content)
  Triggering mechanism
 Mass Communication systems
  Few to many
  Pattern of message flow (not random), periodicity
  Media type
  Characterizing parameters (circulation, audience, reach, frequency, exposure)
  Output parameters (cumulation, duplication, triggering)
 Communication networks
  Simplex, half duplex, M-M
  Two-way parameters (transfer rate, saturation [proportion of net has gotten message], distinctions among receivers/non-receivers, accuracy of transmission, effectiveness of transmission)
  Small groups (structure, opinion leaders)
   Small group parameters (size, purpose, duration, intensity of interactions [flow rate], homogeneity of group [shared knowledge/values], spatial arrangement [protocols], leadership characteristics, group value to members, relationships to other groups
  Large networks (structure, flow)
   Rumor and Diffusion (S curve again)
   Community integration (boundaries, growth)
   Small-world problem (Kevin bacon)  estimate 6 intermediaries needed to link arbitrary A and B
    Acquaintance net (parallel to knowledge net???)
 
5. One-minute paper
What was the big point you learned in class today?
What is the main, unanswered question you leave class with today?