Monecia Samuel
Storytelling
Story
II Pre-School
Title (best version for telling): Henny Penny
Collector/Author: Galdone, Paul
Other Bibliographic Information: The Seabury Press, NY
1968
Ethnic Origin: England
Running Time: 3.5-4 minutes
Power Center: The
story is suspenseful and builds anxiety-Henny Penny keeps getting stopped along
the way, has to explain (which takes more time), and in the meantime, needs to
get to the King because "the sky's a-falling.” The element of fear is introduced when they all arrive at a dark
cave and the fox ushers them in. In the
Mills and Martignoni versions, this unknown dark cave is associated with
"told violence" since the snapping off of the animal's heads are
detailed in the written story.
Therefore, these stories have the strongest power center of fear, and
were excluded from the teller’s preference.
According to the NNCC web site, http://www.nncc.org/Child.Dev/presch.dev.html
" Fears often
develop during the preschool years. Common fears include new places and
experiences and separation from parents and other important people."
The teller was trying
to be mindful of the unknown consequences of telling a scary story.
However, In
Hutchinson's version, one is left to wonder what actually happened in the cave
because the details don't give the dark ending. The only emotion brought out in the story is anxiety and not
fear. Her version does not have a
resolution, and could leave a young child hanging or wondering about what
happened.
Says Foxy Woxy, "Come with me and I will
show you a short way to the King's Palace….
They went along and they went along until they reached Foxy
Woxy's Cave. In they went after Foxy
Woxy, and they never came out again. To
this day the King has never been told that the sky was falling.
The power centers
around anxiety and fear in Galdone's version with anxiety the most
prominent. Paradoxically, what the teller
considered to be the secondary center-fear, is “pleasantly resolved” and the
ending made “happy” with the scene of Foxy Woxy's family having a fine meal as
a result of the animal’s detour. The
teller believed that using Galdone’s version, and masking the element of fear
by leaving out gory details was the best decision, since children are prone to
fears at this stage of development. Foxy Loxy and Mrs. Foxy Loxy and their seven little foxes
still remember the fine feast they had that day.
Explanatory Note: Power Centers Used in Performance- The teller of this story chose to feature anxiety as the
main power center in the story. The
story is told in a quick pace because the animals have to hurry and get
to the king before the sky falls. When
the animals find out they are going the wrong way tension builds since they
believed Henny Penny knew the way, therefore building tension even more.
The
teller improvised the exclamation, "We thought you knew where you were
going!" This was an added scene to communicate the peak of their anxiety
and to express what the teller assumed the animals would have been thinking,
that wasn’t written into the story. This also emphasized the stressful
group-think the teller imagined was going on among the animals based on the
fox’s information that they were not taking the most efficient route.
Characters: Henny Penny, Cocky Locky, Ducky Lucy, Goosey Loosey, Turkey Lurkey, Foxy Loxy Secondary
Characters: Mrs. Foxy Woxy and her
children.
Scenes:
Henny Penny under the
tree in the farmyard
On the road
At the cave
Foxy Woxy’s Dinner
Table
Synopsis: Henny Penny gets hit in the head by an acorn while she is
eating corn in the farmyard. She
doesn’t know what hits her and assumes the sky is falling. On her way to warn the King she runs into
Cocky Locky, Ducky Lucky, Goosey Loosey and Turkey Lurkey one at a time, and the group gets larger and
larger as they make their way to the King’s Palace. They all run into Foxy Woxy, and he tells them they are going the
long way and advises they take a short-cut.
He tricks them and leads them into a cave that is really his home. The King was never told the sky was falling
and Foxy Woxy and his family had them all for dinner.
Rhymes/Special
phrases/"Flavor:"
The catchy rhyming
names of the characters (in Galdone's
version) : Henny Penny, Cocky
Locky, Ducky Lucky, Goosey Loosey, Turkey Lurkey and Foxy Woxy.
The story has a
playful flavor. It is a building story
that enforces order (subconscious counting) and cute character names.
Exclamation-"I'm/We're
going to tell the King the sky's a-falling!
Question-"May I
go with you?"
Response-"Certainly"
Audience: Pre-School, Ages 3-5
Appropriateness of story for audience:
Children at the
preschool age are attracted to rhymes.
In Galdone's version (the chosen version for telling) the names all end
with a long e sound making them uniform and easy to remember. The rhyming attachment names facilitate the
learning or reinforcement of the primary name.
Children at this age may not know the visual difference between a hen,
cock, duck or their associated names. The repetitive scenes are important
during this Preoperational Stage, from 2-7 years of age, named by Piaget. A
mere replacement of a different character make the story easy to follow and
never lead to boredom since the characters constantly change as the story moves
along.
Charlotte Huck
includes in her book Children's
Literature in the Elementary School (5th edition) Harcourt Brace Jovanovich (1993), that
children in this age group have a beginning interest in how things work and are
developing a rudimentary sense of time (before now, now, not yet). This story has the "then" or time
sequence effect. For example, the Hen
told one animal first then another animal next. The order she tells them is the order that remains constant
throughout the narration of the story whenever the animals are mentioned.
The message
about the consequences of trusting a stranger is illustrated when they end up
trusting the fox and being eaten by him and his family in the end. There is also a hidden story about the power
in numbers when it comes to delivering a message…in an emergency everyone bans
together no matter their differences.
Bibliographic Information on other versions/variants:
Galdone, P. (1968) Henny Penny. The
Seabury Press, New York.
Hutchinson, V. S. (1992) Henny Penny in Chimney Corner Stories Tales
for Little Children, pp. 3-8. Shoe
String Press, Connecticut.
Martignoni, M. (1955) Henny-Penny in The
Illustrated Treasury of Children’s Literature, pp. 66-68. Grosset and Dunlap, New York.
Mills, A. (1998) Henny-Penny in The
Random House Children’s Treasury, pp. 316-317.
Derrydale Books, New York
Comparison of all versions/variants :
Galdone
The language is
simple and proper:
-One day when Henny
Penny was scratching among the leaves..
-May I go with
you? Yes, indeed.
As for rhythm, the
animal sound effects chop the flow of the story. For an example:
“Gobble, gobble,
gobble!” said Turkey Lurkey. “Where are
you going..?”
This animated language gives the story a playful flavor, since
the language is indicative of the particular species. However, these sound
effects slow down the telling of the story.
This story tells the best because it leaves out the violence but tells the truth of the ending without possibly disturbing the children with the details.
The story has a more dramatic flavor than the others due to sound effects and character lines. The fox says,
“Ah,
ha!…But this isn’t the way to the King…”
In addition, every page is illustrated except the page in all black that says:
From
that day to this Turkey Lurkey, Goosey Loosey, Ducky Lucky, Cocky Locky and
Henny Penny have never been seen again.
By use of the formal language mentioned above, it also maintains its English flavor.
Hutchinson
The language is simple throughout and the author uses the term farmyard, where the others use rickyard (Martignoni) and cornyard (Mills)- as the place Henny Penny was struck.
The use of farmyard is much better as children in their preschool years may understand it or visualize the scene better.
The story does not tell well-in terms of true telling of the whole story.It has an avoidant ending. It tells that they all went into the cave and ends abrubtly.
They
went along and they went along and they went along until they reached Foxy
Woxy’s cave. In they went after Foxy
Woxy, and they never came out again. To
this day the king has never been told that the sky was falling.
The rhythm does not move smoothly due to word choices and
lack of contractions. For an
example: “sky was falling” instead of “sky’s a-falling.” Oh, we are going to tell the King the sky is falling
This non traditional use of falling instead of a-falling, gives the story a modern flavor.
Martignoni
The language may be confusing to a child. The fox’s cave is referred to as a burrow instead of a cave, and the farmyard is called a rickyard. The word choices may be foreign to young children.
The language also adds a formal flavor: Says the fox, “I know the proper way; shall I show it to you?
The rhythm flows and has a sing-song affect by the use of the term “a-falling” and contractions- the use of sky’s instead of the words “sky is.”
“Oh! We’re going to tell the King the sky’s
a-falling..”
The sound of the narrative below gives this story an old-fashioned flavor and a humorous style.
The listening children can be comforted by this use of humor to replace Henny Penny’s knowledge of her friend’s violent deaths. Young children may be satisfied knowing the main character, who they bond with through meeting first, gets home safely.
Now
when Henny-penny, who had just got into the dark burrow, heard Cocky-locky
crow, she said to herself: “My goodness!
It must be dawn. Time for me to
lay an egg.” So she turned round
and bustled off to her nest; so she escaped, but never told the King the
sky was falling!
Mills
The language is difficult for a child at times. Terms such as alongside and turned tail are used.
…Cocky
Locky was thrown alongside Turkey Lurkey.
But
she turned tail and off she ran home, so she never told the king the sky was
a-falling.
The story flows but becomes convoluted and drags at times with too much detail.
…till
they came to a narrow, dark hole. Now
this was the door of Foxy Woxy’s cave.
This version is tellable to an older crowd of children, perhaps elementary age with a longer attention span and tolerance for the violent ending:
-Foxy
Woxy snapped off Turkey-Lurkey’s head and thew his body over his left shoulder.
-Then
Goosey-Poosey went in, and “Hrumph”, off went her head and Goosey-Poosey was
thrown beside Turkey-Lurkey.
-But
Foxy-Woxy had made two bites at Cocky Locky, and when the first snap only hurt
Cocky-Locky, but didn’t kill him, he called out to Henny-Penny. But she turned tail and off she ran home, so
she never told the king the sky was a-falling.